Antibiogram of the Common Uropathogenic Bacteria among Yemeni Patients in Sana’a City: A Recent Report
Hafez Alsumairy
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Taiz University, Yemen
Tawfique K. AlZubiery
Department of Medical Laboratory, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, Taiz University Al-Turbah Branch, Yemen
Talal Alharazi *
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Taiz University, Yemen
Mufeed Baddah
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Taiz University, Yemen
Adel Al-Zubeiry
King Fahad Specialist Hospital-Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to identify the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of the commonly isolated uropathogens in Sana’a city, Yemen.
Study Design: A cross-sectional and descriptive study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the hospitals and clinics of Sana'a city, Yemen between October 2016 and March 2017.
Methodology: Clean-catch mid-stream urine samples were collected to detect the most common uropathogenic bacteria and their antibiotic susceptibility using Kirby Bauer standardized method.
Results: Urine cultures yielded 170 significant bacterial growths of uropathogens. Escherichia coli was the most often isolated pathogen (43.5%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (24.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20.0%) and Staphylococcus aureus (11.8%). The overall sensitivity was high to an excellent pattern for Carbapenems, Nitrofurantoin, Amikacin, and Piperacillin-Tazobactam. Escherichia coli shows an excellent sensitivity (88%) for Nitrofurantoin and Imipenem, followed by (85%) Ertapenem. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibited moderate resistance to Carbapenems, Moxifloxacin, and Piperacillin-Tazobactam in this study. Staphylococcus aureus was more vulnerable to all Quinolones except Nalidixic acid and it displays a high sensitivity pattern, 90% for both Nitrofurantoin and Gentamicin, 83% for Penicillin, 80% for both Minocycline. Antibiogram of isolated organisms revealed that there was resistance to two and more antimicrobials.
Conclusion: In this study, we observe a high resistance rates to Beta-lactam, Quinolones, and Macrolides antibiotics. Nevertheless, most uropathogenic isolates were still sensitive to Nitrofurantoin, Imipenem, Ertapenem, and Amikacin, they considered as a proper antibiotics for empirical therapy of UTIs. Establishment of antibiogram of locally isolated organisms is necessary to avoid indiscriminating use of antibiotic and to decrease the resistance rate in our community.
Keywords: Antibiogram, Empiric Therapy, Uropathogens, Taiz University, Sana’a, Yemen