Relationships between Waters Quality and Mosquito Presence and Abundance: A PCA-Based Study in Souk el Arbaa, Morocco
A. Kbibch *
Department of Biology, Laboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra, Morocco and Regional Academy of Education and Training (AREF) Rabat-Sale-Kenitra, Morocco.
Kh. EL Khokh
Department of Biology, Laboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra, Morocco and Regional Academy of Education and Training (AREF) Rabat-Sale-Kenitra, Morocco.
Y. Larhbali
Department of Biology, Laboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra, Morocco.
Aalama Fatima
Department of Biology, Laboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra, Morocco.
Y. El Guamri
Department of Biology, Laboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra, Morocco and Department of Life and Earth Sciences, (Biology /Geology Research Lab), Regional Centre for Careers of Education and Training CRMEF Marrakech-Safi, Marrakesh, Morocco.
H. Darif
Higher School of Technology, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra. Morocco.
D. Belghyti
Department of Biology, Laboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra, Morocco.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The degradation of the natural environment with urbanization and ruralization leads to the creation of new areas favorable to the proliferation of mosquitoes, which explains the generally considerable dispersion. The objective of our statistical study is to highlight how the quality of wastewater influences the density and proliferation of mosquitoes in the region of Souk el Arbaa (North-West Morocco).
For two years, we carried out a statistical analysis (Principal Component Analysis (PCA), elementary and descriptive) on the variations in the density of species in the three sites studied.
After having identified 5 species of the genus Culex (Culex pipiens Linné 1758, Culex theileri Theobald 1903, Culex perexiguus Theobald 1901, Culex impudicus Ficalbi 1890, Culex quinquefasciatus 1823). In the prospected breeding sites, the systematic inventory of Culicidae revealed that a breeding site must be rich in chloride, organic matter and ammoniacal nitrogen to allow the mosquito to develop rapidly and reach high densities.
Keywords: Mosquitoes, proliferation, culicidae, statistics, ACP, breeding grounds, Morocco