https://journalsajrm.com/index.php/SAJRM/issue/feed 2021-06-11T06:18:11+00:00 South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology contact@journalsajrm.com Open Journal Systems <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology</strong>&nbsp;<strong>(ISSN: 2582-1989)&nbsp;</strong>aims to publish high quality papers (<a href="/index.php/SAJRM/general-guideline-for-authors">Click here for Types of paper</a>) in all aspects of Microbiology. The journal also encourages the submission of useful reports of negative results. This is a quality controlled,&nbsp;OPEN&nbsp;peer reviewed, open access INTERNATIONAL journal.</p> https://journalsajrm.com/index.php/SAJRM/article/view/30218 2021-06-11T06:18:11+00:00 Louis O. Egwari louis.egwari@covenantuniversity.edu.ng Nkiru N. Nwokoye Funmilola A. Babalola Adetunji M. Kilani William W. Effiok Olushoga O. Olubi

<p>The propensity to develop resistance to antibiotics has accounted for the predominance of <em>Bacteroides</em> and <em>Prevotella</em> in infections due to anaerobic bacteria. The observed differences in resistance pattern across geographical boundaries underscored the timeliness for this study to review data on antibiotic susceptibility and resistance markers amongst <em>Bacteroides</em> and <em>Prevotella</em> to β-lactams, lincosamide and nitroimidazole from selected hospitals in Lagos, Nigeria from 1992-2011. <em>Bacteroides</em>, mostly <em>B. fragilis</em> were the sole anaerobic gram negative bacilli in peritonitis following lower abdominal surgery and bloodstream infections, while <em>Prevotella bivia</em> and <em>P</em>. <em>melaninogenica</em> were more frequent in periodontal abscess, pelvic inflammatory disease and chronic suppurative otitis media. The MIC range and MIC₉₀ of the anaerobes for the antibiotics does not indicate changes in group resistance to antibiotics though isolated cases were recorded. While clear cut patterns were not established for other species, <em>B. fragilis</em> resistance increased for amoxicillin-clavulanic acid from 18.2% in 1992-1996 to 31.4% in 2006-2011 and from 27.3% in 1992-1996 to 34.3% in 2006-2011 for cefoxitin. In contrast, decrease susceptibility was obtained against clindamycin (54.5% in 1992-1996 to 22.9% in 2006-2011). Similarly, 22.7% of <em>B. fragilis</em> strains have the <em>cep</em>A and/or <em>cfx</em>A gene in 1992-1996 compared to 32.1% in 2006-2011. While not all isolates with <em>cep</em>A and/or <em>cfx</em>A genes were resistant to the β-lactams, all isolates carrying the <em>erm</em>F or <em>nim</em> genes were resistant to the lincosamide (clindamycin) or nitroimidazole (metronidazole) respectively. The presence of antibiotics resistance genes can be used in tracking resistance amongst species of <em>Bacteroides</em> and <em>Prevotella</em>. With emerging new technologies, gene screening may prove more effective and reliable for therapeutic decisions for anaerobic bacterial infections especially since the genes can be screened from the infective exudates. This will eliminate the need for culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing for this group of fastidious microorganisms.</p>

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